Why Pre Implantation Genetic Screening of Embryos is recommended after IVF Failure?
Why Pre Implantation Genetic Screening of Embryos is recommended after IVF Failure?
The majority of abnormal embryos are indistinguishable from normal embryos when studied using a microscope. Therefore, normal embryo appearance cannot be used to evaluate for chromosome abnormalities. It is said that even if the eggs and sperms are taken from normal healthy young couples, almost 40% of embryos will be genetically abnormal. If the woman is older, has bad quality eggs or if the man has poor sperm quality, 60-90% of the embryos may be abnormal.
It is very important to identify embryos with the correct number of chromosomes for successful IVF outcome.
How does is work?
Pre-implantation genetic screening (PGS) is used in conjunction with in-vitro fertilization (IVF) to screen embryos for any abnormalities in the number of chromosomes (ploidy). The information obtained from PGS helps IVF physicians and patients decide which embryos to transfer.
Extra or missing chromosomes is called aneuploidy. Aneuploidy is responsible for the vast majority of spontaneous miscarriages and can result in birth defects and mental retardation in live born babies. A common example is an extra copy of chromosome 21 (Down syndrome or trisomy 21).
| Common Aneuploidies in autosomes | Common Aneuploidies in Sex chromosomes |
|---|---|
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PGS is especially recommended for:
- Recurrent Miscarriage.(>2)
- Male Factor Infertility.
- Unsuccessful IVF Cycles (>2)
- Polycystic ovary syndrome.
- Maternal age over 38
- Ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome.
- Prior unexplained IVF failure.
- Premature ovarian failure or premature menopause.
PGS benefits:
- Reduced Miscarriage rates.
- Higher Pregnancy rates.
- Fewer cycles of IVF treatment needed.
- Less time and money.
- Greater chances of having a healthy child.
- Fewer wasted transfers, fewer IVF failures.
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